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移除最小数对使数组有序 I
2026年1月14日 09:50
方法一：模拟
思路与算法
由于数据范围非常小，故直接按题意模拟即可。
遍历 $\textit{nums}$ 的相邻元素，维护最小相邻数对和的同时判断 $\textit{nums}$ 是否满足非严格单调递增，如果不满足条件则更新数组，将相邻数对合并为新元素。重复以上操作，直到满足非严格单调递增的条件或 $\textit{nums}$ 的长度为 $1$ 为止。
代码
###C++
class Solution {
public:
int minimumPairRemoval(std::vector<int>& nums) {
int count = 0;
while (nums.size() > 1) {
bool isAscending = true;
int minSum = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
int targetIndex = -1;
for (size_t i = 0; i < nums.size() - 1; ++i) {
int sum = nums[i] + nums[i + 1];
if (nums[i] > nums[i + 1]) {
isAscending = false;
}
if (sum < minSum) {
minSum = sum;
targetIndex = static_cast<int>(i);
}
}
if (isAscending) {
break;
}
count++;
nums[targetIndex] = minSum;
nums.erase(nums.begin() + targetIndex + 1);
}
return count;
}
};
###Java
class Solution {
public int minimumPairRemoval(int[] nums) {
List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
for (int num : nums) {
list.add(num);
}
var count = 0;
while (list.size() > 1) {
var isAscending = true;
var minSum = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
var targetIndex = -1;
for (var i = 0; i < list.size() - 1; i++) {
var sum = list.get(i) + list.get(i + 1);
if (list.get(i) > list.get(i + 1)) {
isAscending = false;
}
if (sum < minSum) {
minSum = sum;
targetIndex = i;
}
}
if (isAscending) {
break;
}
count++;
list.set(targetIndex, minSum);
list.remove(targetIndex + 1);
}
return count;
}
}
###Python
class Solution:
def minimumPairRemoval(self, nums: List[int]) -> int:
count = 0
while len(nums) > 1:
isAscending = True
minSum = float("inf")
targetIndex = -1
for i in range(len(nums) - 1):
pair_sum = nums[i] + nums[i + 1]
if nums[i] > nums[i + 1]:
isAscending = False
if pair_sum < minSum:
minSum = pair_sum
targetIndex = i
if isAscending:
break
count += 1
nums[targetIndex] = minSum
nums.pop(targetIndex + 1)
return count
###C#
public class Solution {
public int MinimumPairRemoval(int[] nums) {
var count = 0;
var list = nums.ToList();
while (list.Count > 1) {
var isAscending = true;
var minSum = int.MaxValue;
var targetIndex = -1;
for (var i = 0; i < list.Count - 1; i++) {
var sum = list[i] + list[i + 1];
if (list[i] > list[i + 1]) {
isAscending = false;
}
if (sum < minSum) {
minSum = sum;
targetIndex = i;
}
}
if (isAscending) {
break;
}
count++;
list[targetIndex] = minSum;
list.RemoveAt(targetIndex + 1);
}
return count;
}
}
###JavaScript
var minimumPairRemoval = function (nums) {
let count = 0;
while (nums.length > 1) {
let isAscending = true;
let minSum = Infinity;
let targetIndex = -1;
for (let i = 0; i < nums.length - 1; i++) {
const sum = nums[i] + nums[i + 1];
if (nums[i] > nums[i + 1]) {
isAscending = false;
}
if (sum < minSum) {
minSum = sum;
targetIndex = i;
}
}
if (isAscending) {
break;
}
count++;
nums[targetIndex] = minSum;
nums.splice(targetIndex + 1, 1);
}
return count;
}
###TypeScript
function minimumPairRemoval(nums: number[]): number {
let count = 0;
while (nums.length > 1) {
let isAscending = true;
let minSum = Infinity;
let targetIndex = -1;
for (let i = 0; i < nums.length - 1; i++) {
const sum = nums[i] + nums[i + 1];
if (nums[i] > nums[i + 1]) {
isAscending = false;
}
if (sum < minSum) {
minSum = sum;
targetIndex = i;
}
}
if (isAscending) {
break;
}
count++;
nums[targetIndex] = minSum;
nums.splice(targetIndex + 1, 1);
}
return count;
}
###Go
func minimumPairRemoval(nums []int) int {
count := 0
for len(nums) > 1 {
isAscending := true
minSum := 1 << 31 - 1
targetIndex := -1
for i := 0; i < len(nums)-1; i++ {
sum := nums[i] + nums[i+1]
if nums[i] > nums[i+1] {
isAscending = false
}
if sum < minSum {
minSum = sum
targetIndex = i
}
}
if isAscending {
break
}
count++
nums[targetIndex] = minSum
nums = append(nums[:targetIndex+1], nums[targetIndex + 2:]...)
}
return count
}
###C
int minimumPairRemoval(int* nums, int numsSize) {
int count = 0;
int size = numsSize;
while (size > 1) {
int isAscending = 1;
int minSum = INT_MAX;
int targetIndex = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < size - 1; i++) {
int sum = nums[i] + nums[i + 1];
if (nums[i] > nums[i + 1]) {
isAscending = 0;
}
if (sum < minSum) {
minSum = sum;
targetIndex = i;
}
}
if (isAscending) {
break;
}
count++;
nums[targetIndex] = minSum;
for (int i = targetIndex + 1; i < size - 1; i++) {
nums[i] = nums[i + 1];
}
size--;
}
return count;
}
###Rust
impl Solution {
pub fn minimum_pair_removal(nums: Vec<i32>) -> i32 {
let mut count = 0;
let mut nums = nums.clone();
while nums.len() > 1 {
let mut is_ascending = true;
let mut min_sum = i32::MAX;
let mut target_index = -1;
for i in 0..nums.len() - 1 {
let sum = nums[i] + nums[i + 1];
if nums[i] > nums[i + 1] {
is_ascending = false;
}
if sum < min_sum {
min_sum = sum;
target_index = i as i32;
}
}
if is_ascending {
break;
}
count += 1;
let ti = target_index as usize;
nums[ti] = min_sum;
nums.remove(ti + 1);
}
count
}
}
复杂度分析
-
时间复杂度：$O(n^2)$，其中 $n$ 是 $\textit{nums}$ 的长度。合并数对最多进行 $n$ 次；判断单调性、寻找数对和删除数组中的元素均需要消耗 $O(n)$ 的时间，故总时间复杂度为 $O(n^2)$。
-
空间复杂度：$O(1)$，只用到了常数个变量。
方法二：模拟 + 数组模拟链表
思路与算法
除了直接在数组上移除元素外，也可以采用模拟链表的思路，从而支持 $O(1)$ 的删除操作。考虑维护一个 $\textit{next}$ 数组，代表下标 $i$ 处元素的下一个元素所在位置。由于不管是判断单调性，还是寻找最小相邻数对和，都只是对线性表的顺序遍历，因此遍历部分的逻辑基本和方法一基本相同，只需要在删除元素的时候维护 $\textit{next}$ 数组，将目标元素的下一个元素指向下下个元素即可。
代码
###C++
class Solution {
public:
int minimumPairRemoval(std::vector<int>& nums) {
int n = nums.size();
std::vector<int> next(n);
std::iota(next.begin(), next.end(), 1);
next[n - 1] = -1;
int count = 0;
while (n - count > 1) {
int curr = 0;
int target = 0;
int targetAdjSum = nums[target] + nums[next[target]];
bool isAscending = true;
while (curr != -1 && next[curr] != -1) {
if (nums[curr] > nums[next[curr]]) {
isAscending = false;
}
int currAdjSum = nums[curr] + nums[next[curr]];
if (currAdjSum < targetAdjSum) {
target = curr;
targetAdjSum = currAdjSum;
}
curr = next[curr];
}
if (isAscending) {
break;
}
count++;
next[target] = next[next[target]];
nums[target] = targetAdjSum;
}
return count;
}
};
###Java
class Solution {
public int minimumPairRemoval(int[] nums) {
var n = nums.length;
var next = new int[n];
Arrays.setAll(next, i -> i + 1);
next[n - 1] = -1;
var count = 0;
while (n - count > 1) {
var curr = 0;
var target = 0;
var targetAdjSum = nums[target] + nums[next[target]];
var isAscending = true;
while (curr != -1 && next[curr] != -1) {
if (nums[curr] > nums[next[curr]]) {
isAscending = false;
}
var currAdjSum = nums[curr] + nums[next[curr]];
if (currAdjSum < targetAdjSum) {
target = curr;
targetAdjSum = currAdjSum;
}
curr = next[curr];
}
if (isAscending) {
break;
}
count++;
next[target] = next[next[target]];
nums[target] = targetAdjSum;
}
return count;
}
}
###Python
class Solution:
def minimumPairRemoval(self, nums: List[int]) -> int:
next_node = list(range(1, len(nums) + 1))
next_node[-1] = None
count = 0
while len(nums) - count > 1:
curr = 0
target = 0
target_adj_sum = nums[target] + nums[next_node[target]]
is_ascending = True
while curr is not None and next_node[curr] is not None:
if nums[curr] > nums[next_node[curr]]:
is_ascending = False
curr_adj_sum = nums[curr] + nums[next_node[curr]]
if curr_adj_sum < target_adj_sum:
target = curr
target_adj_sum = curr_adj_sum
curr = next_node[curr]
if is_ascending:
break
count += 1
next_node[target] = next_node[next_node[target]]
nums[target] = target_adj_sum
return count
###C#
public class Solution {
public int MinimumPairRemoval(int[] nums) {
var next = new int?[nums.Length];
for (var i = 0; i < nums.Length - 1; i++) next[i] = i + 1;
var count = 0;
while (nums.Length - count > 1) {
int? curr = 0;
var target = 0;
var targetAdjSum = nums[target] + nums[next[target]!.Value];
var isAscending = true;
while (curr is not null && next[curr.Value] is not null) {
var nextVal = next[curr.Value]!.Value;
if (nums[curr.Value] > nums[nextVal]) {
isAscending = false;
}
var currAdjSum = nums[curr.Value] + nums[nextVal];
if (currAdjSum < targetAdjSum) {
target = curr.Value;
targetAdjSum = currAdjSum;
}
curr = next[curr.Value];
}
if (isAscending) {
break;
}
count++;
next[target] = next[next[target]!.Value];
nums[target] = targetAdjSum;
}
return count;
}
}
###JavaScript
var minimumPairRemoval = function (nums) {
const next = nums.map((_, i) => i + 1);
next[nums.length - 1] = null;
let count = 0;
while (nums.length - count > 1) {
let curr = 0;
let target = 0;
let targetAdjSum = nums[target] + nums[next[target]];
let isAscending = true;
while (curr !== null && next[curr] !== null) {
if (nums[curr] > nums[next[curr]]) {
isAscending = false;
}
let currAdjSum = nums[curr] + nums[next[curr]];
if (currAdjSum < targetAdjSum) {
target = curr;
targetAdjSum = currAdjSum;
}
curr = next[curr];
}
if (isAscending) {
break;
}
count++;
next[target] = next[next[target]];
nums[target] = targetAdjSum;
}
return count;
}
###TypeScript
function minimumPairRemoval(nums: number[]): number {
const next = nums.map<number | null>((_, i) => i + 1);
next[nums.length - 1] = null;
let count = 0;
while (nums.length - count > 1) {
let curr: number | null = 0;
let target = 0;
let targetAdjSum = nums[target] + nums[next[target]!];
let isAscending = true;
while (curr !== null && next[curr] !== null) {
if (nums[curr] > nums[next[curr]!]) {
isAscending = false;
}
let currAdjSum = nums[curr] + nums[next[curr]!];
if (currAdjSum < targetAdjSum) {
target = curr;
targetAdjSum = currAdjSum;
}
curr = next[curr];
}
if (isAscending) {
break;
}
count++;
next[target] = next[next[target]!];
nums[target] = targetAdjSum;
}
return count;
}
###Go
func minimumPairRemoval(nums []int) int {
n := len(nums)
next := make([]int, n)
for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
next[i] = i + 1
}
next[n - 1] = -1
count := 0
for n - count > 1 {
curr := 0
target := 0
targetAdjSum := nums[target] + nums[next[target]]
isAscending := true
for curr != -1 && next[curr] != -1 {
if nums[curr] > nums[next[curr]] {
isAscending = false
}
currAdjSum := nums[curr] + nums[next[curr]]
if currAdjSum < targetAdjSum {
target = curr
targetAdjSum = currAdjSum
}
curr = next[curr]
}
if isAscending {
break
}
count++
next[target] = next[next[target]]
nums[target] = targetAdjSum
}
return count
}
###C
int minimumPairRemoval(int* nums, int n) {
int* next = (int*)malloc(n * sizeof(int));
if (next == NULL) {
return -1;
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
next[i] = i + 1;
}
next[n - 1] = -1;
int count = 0;
while (n - count > 1) {
int curr = 0;
int target = 0;
int targetAdjSum = nums[target] + nums[next[target]];
int isAscending = 1;
while (curr != -1 && next[curr] != -1) {
if (nums[curr] > nums[next[curr]]) {
isAscending = 0;
}
int currAdjSum = nums[curr] + nums[next[curr]];
if (currAdjSum < targetAdjSum) {
target = curr;
targetAdjSum = currAdjSum;
}
curr = next[curr];
}
if (isAscending) {
break;
}
count++;
next[target] = next[next[target]];
nums[target] = targetAdjSum;
}
free(next);
return count;
}
###Rust
impl Solution {
pub fn minimum_pair_removal(nums: Vec<i32>) -> i32 {
let n = nums.len();
let mut nums = nums.clone();
let mut next: Vec<isize> = (0..n as isize).map(|i| i + 1).collect();
next[n - 1] = -1;
let mut count = 0;
while (n as i32 - count) > 1 {
let mut curr: isize = 0;
let mut target: isize = 0;
let mut target_adj_sum = nums[0] + nums[next[0] as usize];
let mut is_ascending = true;
while curr != -1 && next[curr as usize] != -1 {
let curr_idx = curr as usize;
let next_idx = next[curr_idx] as usize;
if nums[curr_idx] > nums[next_idx] {
is_ascending = false;
}
let curr_adj_sum = nums[curr_idx] + nums[next_idx];
if curr_adj_sum < target_adj_sum {
target = curr;
target_adj_sum = curr_adj_sum;
}
curr = next[curr_idx];
}
if is_ascending {
break;
}
count += 1;
let target_idx = target as usize;
let next_target = next[target_idx] as usize;
next[target_idx] = next[next_target];
nums[target_idx] = target_adj_sum;
}
count
}
}
复杂度分析
-
时间复杂度：$O(n^2)$，其中 $n$ 是 $\textit{nums}$ 的长度。具体分析同方法一，只是删除操作此时只需 $O(1)$ 即可完成。
-
空间复杂度：$O(n)$，$\textit{next}$ 数组需要使用 $O(n)$ 的辅助空间。
